HITs-Examples/FiniteSets/kuratowski/properties.v

534 lines
14 KiB
Coq
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

Require Import HoTT HitTactics prelude.
Require Import kuratowski.extensionality kuratowski.operations kuratowski_sets.
Require Import lattice_interface lattice_examples monad_interface.
(** Lemmas relating operations to the membership predicate *)
Section properties_membership.
Context {A : Type} `{Univalence}.
Definition empty_isIn (a: A) : a -> Empty := idmap.
Definition singleton_isIn (a b: A) : a {|b|} -> Trunc (-1) (a = b) := idmap.
Definition union_isIn (X Y : FSet A) (a : A)
: a X Y = a X a Y := idpath.
Lemma comprehension_union (ϕ : A -> Bool) : forall X Y : FSet A,
{|X Y & ϕ|} = {|X & ϕ|} {|Y & ϕ|}.
Proof.
reflexivity.
Defined.
Lemma comprehension_isIn (ϕ : A -> Bool) (a : A) : forall X : FSet A,
a {|X & ϕ|} = if ϕ a then a X else False_hp.
Proof.
hinduction ; try (intros ; apply set_path2).
- destruct (ϕ a) ; reflexivity.
- intros b.
assert (forall c d, ϕ a = c -> ϕ b = d ->
a (if ϕ b then {|b|} else )
=
(if ϕ a then BuildhProp (Trunc (-1) (a = b)) else False_hp)) as X.
{
intros c d Hc Hd.
destruct c ; destruct d ; rewrite Hc, Hd ; try reflexivity
; apply path_iff_hprop ; try contradiction ; intros ; strip_truncations
; apply (false_ne_true).
* apply (Hd^ @ ap ϕ X^ @ Hc).
* apply (Hc^ @ ap ϕ X @ Hd).
}
apply (X (ϕ a) (ϕ b) idpath idpath).
- intros X Y H1 H2.
rewrite comprehension_union.
rewrite union_isIn.
rewrite H1, H2.
destruct (ϕ a).
* reflexivity.
* apply path_iff_hprop.
** intros Z ; strip_truncations.
destruct Z ; assumption.
** intros ; apply tr ; right ; assumption.
Defined.
Context {B : Type}.
Lemma isIn_singleproduct (a : A) (b : B) (c : A) : forall (Y : FSet B),
(a, b) (single_product c Y) = land (BuildhProp (Trunc (-1) (a = c))) (b Y).
Proof.
hinduction ; try (intros ; apply path_ishprop).
- apply path_hprop ; symmetry ; apply prod_empty_r.
- intros d.
apply path_iff_hprop.
* intros.
strip_truncations.
split ; apply tr ; try (apply (ap fst X)) ; try (apply (ap snd X)).
* intros [Z1 Z2].
strip_truncations.
rewrite Z1, Z2.
apply (tr idpath).
- intros X1 X2 HX1 HX2.
apply path_iff_hprop ; rewrite ?union_isIn.
* intros X.
cbn in *.
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [H1 | H1] ; rewrite ?HX1, ?HX2 in H1
; destruct H1 as [H1 H2].
** split.
*** apply H1.
*** apply (tr(inl H2)).
** split.
*** apply H1.
*** apply (tr(inr H2)).
* intros [H1 H2].
cbn in *.
strip_truncations.
apply tr.
rewrite HX1, HX2.
destruct H2 as [Hb1 | Hb2].
** left.
split ; try (apply (tr H1)) ; try (apply Hb1).
** right.
split ; try (apply (tr H1)) ; try (apply Hb2).
Defined.
Definition isIn_product (a : A) (b : B) (X : FSet A) (Y : FSet B) :
(a,b) (product X Y) = land (a X) (b Y).
Proof.
hinduction X ; try (intros ; apply path_ishprop).
- apply path_hprop ; symmetry ; apply prod_empty_l.
- intros.
apply isIn_singleproduct.
- intros X1 X2 HX1 HX2.
cbn.
rewrite HX1, HX2.
apply path_iff_hprop ; rewrite ?union_isIn.
* intros X.
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [[H3 H4] | [H3 H4]] ; split ; try (apply H4).
** apply (tr(inl H3)).
** apply (tr(inr H3)).
* intros [H1 H2].
strip_truncations.
destruct H1 as [H1 | H1] ; apply tr.
** left ; split ; assumption.
** right ; split ; assumption.
Defined.
Lemma separation_isIn : forall (X : FSet A) (f : {a | a X} -> B) (b : B),
b (separation A B X f) = hexists (fun a : A => hexists (fun (p : a X) => f (a;p) = b)).
Proof.
hinduction ; try (intros ; apply path_forall ; intro ; apply path_ishprop).
- intros ; simpl.
apply path_iff_hprop ; try contradiction.
intros X.
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [a X].
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [p X].
assumption.
- intros.
apply path_iff_hprop ; simpl.
* intros ; strip_truncations.
apply tr.
exists a.
apply tr.
exists (tr idpath).
apply X^.
* intros X ; strip_truncations.
destruct X as [a0 X].
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [X q].
simple refine (Trunc_ind _ _ X).
intros p.
apply tr.
rewrite <- q.
f_ap.
simple refine (path_sigma _ _ _ _ _).
** apply p.
** apply path_ishprop.
- intros X1 X2 HX1 HX2 f b.
pose (fX1 := fun Z : {a : A & a X1} => f (pr1 Z;tr (inl (pr2 Z)))).
pose (fX2 := fun Z : {a : A & a X2} => f (pr1 Z;tr (inr (pr2 Z)))).
specialize (HX1 fX1 b).
specialize (HX2 fX2 b).
apply path_iff_hprop.
* intros X.
cbn in *.
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [X | X].
** rewrite HX1 in X.
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [a Ha].
apply tr.
exists a.
strip_truncations.
destruct Ha as [p pa].
apply tr.
exists (tr(inl p)).
rewrite <- pa.
reflexivity.
** rewrite HX2 in X.
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [a Ha].
apply tr.
exists a.
strip_truncations.
destruct Ha as [p pa].
apply tr.
exists (tr(inr p)).
rewrite <- pa.
reflexivity.
* intros.
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [a X].
strip_truncations.
destruct X as [Ha p].
cbn.
simple refine (Trunc_ind _ _ Ha) ; intros [Ha1 | Ha2].
** refine (tr(inl _)).
rewrite HX1.
apply tr.
exists a.
apply tr.
exists Ha1.
rewrite <- p.
unfold fX1.
repeat f_ap.
apply path_ishprop.
** refine (tr(inr _)).
rewrite HX2.
apply tr.
exists a.
apply tr.
exists Ha2.
rewrite <- p.
unfold fX2.
repeat f_ap.
apply path_ishprop.
Defined.
End properties_membership.
Ltac simplify_isIn :=
repeat (rewrite union_isIn
|| rewrite comprehension_isIn).
Ltac toHProp :=
repeat intro;
apply fset_ext ; intros ;
simplify_isIn ; eauto with lattice_hints typeclass_instances.
(** [FSet A] is a join semilattice. *)
Section fset_join_semilattice.
Context {A : Type}.
Instance: bottom(FSet A).
Proof.
unfold bottom.
apply .
Defined.
Instance: maximum(FSet A).
Proof.
intros x y.
apply (x y).
Defined.
Global Instance joinsemilattice_fset : JoinSemiLattice (FSet A).
Proof.
split.
- intros ? ?.
apply comm.
- intros ? ? ?.
apply (assoc _ _ _)^.
- intros ?.
apply union_idem.
- intros x.
apply nl.
- intros ?.
apply nr.
Defined.
End fset_join_semilattice.
(* Lemmas relating operations to the membership predicate *)
Section properties_membership_decidable.
Context {A : Type} `{MerelyDecidablePaths A} `{Univalence}.
Lemma ext : forall (S T : FSet A), (forall a, a _d S = a _d T) -> S = T.
Proof.
intros X Y H2.
apply fset_ext.
intro a.
specialize (H2 a).
unfold member_dec, fset_member_bool, dec in H2.
destruct (isIn_decidable a X) ; destruct (isIn_decidable a Y).
- apply path_iff_hprop ; intro ; assumption.
- contradiction (true_ne_false).
- contradiction (true_ne_false) ; apply H2^.
- apply path_iff_hprop ; intro ; contradiction.
Defined.
Definition empty_isIn_d (a : A) : a _d = false := idpath.
Lemma singleton_isIn_d_true (a b : A) (p : a = b) :
a _d {|b|} = true.
Proof.
unfold member_dec, fset_member_bool, dec.
destruct (isIn_decidable a {|b|}) as [n | n] .
- reflexivity.
- simpl in n.
contradiction (n (tr p)).
Defined.
Lemma singleton_isIn_d_aa (a : A) :
a _d {|a|} = true.
Proof.
apply singleton_isIn_d_true ; reflexivity.
Defined.
Lemma singleton_isIn_d_false (a b : A) (p : a <> b) :
a _d {|b|} = false.
Proof.
unfold member_dec, fset_member_bool, dec in *.
destruct (isIn_decidable a {|b|}).
- simpl in t.
strip_truncations.
contradiction.
- reflexivity.
Defined.
Lemma union_isIn_d (X Y : FSet A) (a : A) :
a _d (X Y) = orb (a _d X) (a _d Y).
Proof.
unfold member_dec, fset_member_bool, dec.
simpl.
destruct (isIn_decidable a X) ; destruct (isIn_decidable a Y) ; reflexivity.
Defined.
Lemma comprehension_isIn_d (Y : FSet A) (ϕ : A -> Bool) (a : A) :
a _d {|Y & ϕ|} = andb (a _d Y) (ϕ a).
Proof.
unfold member_dec, fset_member_bool, dec ; simpl.
destruct (isIn_decidable a {|Y & ϕ|}) as [t | t]
; destruct (isIn_decidable a Y) as [n | n] ; rewrite comprehension_isIn in t
; destruct (ϕ a) ; try reflexivity ; try contradiction
; try (contradiction (n t)) ; contradiction (t n).
Defined.
Lemma intersection_isIn_d (X Y: FSet A) (a : A) :
a _d (X Y) = andb (a _d X) (a _d Y).
Proof.
apply comprehension_isIn_d.
Defined.
Lemma difference_isIn_d (X Y: FSet A) (a : A) :
a _d (difference X Y) = andb (a _d X) (negb (a _d Y)).
Proof.
apply comprehension_isIn_d.
Defined.
Lemma singleton_isIn_d `{IsHSet A} (a b : A) :
a {|b|} -> a = b.
Proof.
intros.
strip_truncations.
assumption.
Defined.
End properties_membership_decidable.
(* Some suporting tactics *)
Ltac simplify_isIn_d :=
repeat (rewrite union_isIn_d
|| rewrite singleton_isIn_d_aa
|| rewrite intersection_isIn_d
|| rewrite comprehension_isIn_d).
Ltac toBool :=
repeat intro;
apply ext ; intros ;
simplify_isIn_d ; eauto with bool_lattice_hints typeclass_instances.
(** If `A` has decidable equality, then `FSet A` is a lattice *)
Section set_lattice.
Context {A : Type}.
Context `{MerelyDecidablePaths A}.
Context `{Univalence}.
Instance fset_max : maximum (FSet A).
Proof.
intros x y.
apply (x y).
Defined.
Instance fset_min : minimum (FSet A).
Proof.
intros x y.
apply (x y).
Defined.
Instance fset_bot : bottom (FSet A).
Proof.
unfold bottom.
apply .
Defined.
Instance lattice_fset : Lattice (FSet A).
Proof.
split ; toBool.
Defined.
End set_lattice.
(** If `A` has decidable equality, then so has `FSet A`. *)
Section dec_eq.
Context {A : Type} `{DecidablePaths A} `{Univalence}.
Instance fsets_dec_eq : DecidablePaths (FSet A).
Proof.
intros X Y.
apply (decidable_equiv' ((Y X) * (X Y)) (eq_subset X Y)^-1).
apply decidable_prod.
Defined.
End dec_eq.
(** [FSet] is a (strong and stable) finite powerset monad *)
Section monad_fset.
Context `{Funext}.
Global Instance fset_functorish : Functorish FSet.
Proof.
simple refine (Build_Functorish _ _ _).
- intros ? ? f.
apply (fset_fmap f).
- intros A.
apply path_forall.
intro x.
hinduction x
; try (intros ; f_ap)
; try (intros ; apply path_ishprop).
Defined.
Global Instance fset_functor : Functor FSet.
Proof.
split.
intros.
apply path_forall.
intro x.
hrecursion x
; try (intros ; f_ap)
; try (intros ; apply path_ishprop).
Defined.
Global Instance fset_monad : Monad FSet.
Proof.
split.
- intros.
apply path_forall.
intro X.
hrecursion X ; try (intros; f_ap) ;
try (intros; apply path_ishprop).
- intros.
apply path_forall.
intro X.
hrecursion X ; try (intros; f_ap) ;
try (intros; apply path_ishprop).
- intros.
apply path_forall.
intro X.
hrecursion X ; try (intros; f_ap) ;
try (intros; apply path_ishprop).
Defined.
Lemma fmap_isIn `{Univalence} {A B : Type} (f : A -> B) (a : A) (X : FSet A) :
a X -> (f a) (fmap FSet f X).
Proof.
hinduction X; try (intros; apply path_ishprop).
- apply idmap.
- intros b Hab; strip_truncations.
apply (tr (ap f Hab)).
- intros X0 X1 HX0 HX1 Ha.
strip_truncations. apply tr.
destruct Ha as [Ha | Ha].
+ left. by apply HX0.
+ right. by apply HX1.
Defined.
End monad_fset.
(** comprehension properties *)
Section comprehension_properties.
Context {A : Type} `{Univalence}.
Lemma comprehension_false : forall (X : FSet A), {|X & fun _ => false|} = .
Proof.
toHProp.
Defined.
Lemma comprehension_subset : forall ϕ (X : FSet A),
{|X & ϕ|} X = X.
Proof.
toHProp.
destruct (ϕ a) ; eauto with lattice_hints typeclass_instances.
Defined.
Lemma comprehension_or : forall ϕ ψ (X : FSet A),
{|X & (fun a => orb (ϕ a) (ψ a))|}
= {|X & ϕ|} {|X & ψ|}.
Proof.
toHProp.
symmetry ; destruct (ϕ a) ; destruct (ψ a)
; eauto with lattice_hints typeclass_instances.
Defined.
Lemma comprehension_all : forall (X : FSet A),
{|X & fun _ => true|} = X.
Proof.
toHProp.
Defined.
End comprehension_properties.
(** For [FSet A] we have mere choice. *)
Section mere_choice.
Context {A : Type} `{Univalence}.
Local Ltac solve_mc :=
repeat (let x := fresh in intro x ; try(destruct x))
; simpl
; rewrite transport_sum
; try (f_ap ; apply path_ishprop)
; try (f_ap ; apply set_path2).
Lemma merely_choice : forall X : FSet A, (X = ) + (hexists (fun a => a X)).
Proof.
hinduction.
- apply (inl idpath).
- intro a.
refine (inr (tr (a ; tr idpath))).
- intros X Y TX TY.
destruct TX as [XE | HX] ; destruct TY as [YE | HY].
* refine (inl _).
rewrite XE, YE.
apply (union_idem ).
* right.
strip_truncations.
destruct HY as [a Ya].
refine (tr _).
exists a.
apply (tr (inr Ya)).
* right.
strip_truncations.
destruct HX as [a Xa].
refine (tr _).
exists a.
apply (tr (inl Xa)).
* right.
strip_truncations.
destruct (HX, HY) as [[a Xa] [b Yb]].
refine (tr _).
exists a.
apply (tr (inl Xa)).
- solve_mc.
- solve_mc.
- solve_mc.
- solve_mc.
- solve_mc.
Defined.
End mere_choice.